Reno, 509 U.S. 630 (1993), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in the area of redistricting and racial gerrymandering. The court ruled in a 5-4 decision that redistricting based on race must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny under the equal protection clause.

What is Shaw vs Reno quizlet?

Case facts of Shaw v. Reno (1993) Five white voters alleged racial discrimination against a North Carolina legislative district map with a majority-minority district in an odd shape, arguing it was drawn for the sole purpose of electing black representatives.

What was the ruling in Shaw v Reno?

” In Shaw v. Reno (1993), the Court ruled that electoral districts whose boundaries cannot be explained except on the basis of race can be challenged as potential violations of the equal protection clause, and in Miller v.

Who won Cooper Harris?

Harris, 581 U.S. ___ (2017), is a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court ruled 5–3 that the North Carolina General Assembly used race too heavily in re-drawing two Congressional districts following the 2010 Census. At issue in particular were the 1st and 12th districts.

What happened in Tinker v Des Moines quizlet?

The Supreme court held that the armbands did represent symbolic speech that is entirely separate from the actions or conduct of those participating in it. Students do not lose their 1st amendment rights when they step onto school property.

Shaw v. Reno, EXPLAINED [AP Gov Required Supreme Court Cases]

40 related questions found

Which of the following correctly describes the facts in Shaw v Reno 1993?

Which of the following correctly describes the facts in Shaw v. Reno (1993) ? Redistricting in order to confine minority voters to a majority in one district was challenged under the Fourteenth Amendment. ... Racial gerrymandering violates the Fourteenth Amendment.

Which of the following represents the outcome in Shaw v Reno 1991 quizlet?

Which of the following represents the outcome in Shaw v. Reno (1991)? Evidence of widespread fraud and abuse involving the Veterans Affairs comes to light.

Which of the following most clearly states the outcome of Shaw v Reno?

Which of the following most clearly states the outcome of Shaw v. Reno (1993)? Redistricting plans based on race must be held to a high standard of scrutiny under the Fourteenth Amendment and ensure compliance with the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

What did the Miller v Johnson decision state?

The United States Supreme Court affirmed the trial court's finding. It held that the redistricting was so bizarre on its face that it was unexplainable on grounds other than race and therefore it could not be upheld unless it was narrowly tailored to achieve a compelling state interest.

What was the Marbury v Madison quizlet?

Madison. The 1803 case in which Chief Justice John Marshall and his associates first asserted the right of the Supreme Court to determine the meaning of the U.S. Constitution. The decision established the Court's power of judicial review over acts of Congress, (the Judiciary Act of 1789).

Who won the Baker v Carr case?

On March 26, 1962, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled 6-2 in favor of the plaintiffs, finding that apportionment cases are justiciable (i.e., that federal courts have the right to intervene in such cases).

Is gerrymandering legal?

The majority opinion stated that extreme partisan gerrymandering is still unconstitutional, but it is up to Congress and state legislative bodies to find ways to restrict that, such as through the use of independent redistricting commissions.

Who won tinker or Des Moines?

Decision: In 1969 the United States Supreme Court ruled in a 7-2 decision in favor of the students. The high court agreed that students' free rights should be protected and said, "Students don't shed their constitutional rights at the school house gates."

Why was the Tinker v Des Moines case important?

Des Moines - Landmark Supreme Court Ruling on Behalf of Student Expression. Tinker v. Mary Beth Tinker was a 13-year-old junior high school student in December 1965 when she and a group of students decided to wear black armbands to school to protest the war in Vietnam. ...

What was the decision in Tinker v Des Moines?

In a 7-2 decision, the Supreme Court's majority ruled that neither students nor teachers “shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate.” The Court took the position that school officials could not prohibit only on the suspicion that the speech might disrupt the learning ...

What does packing and cracking mean?

Two principal tactics are used in gerrymandering: "cracking" (i.e. diluting the voting power of the opposing party's supporters across many districts) and "packing" (concentrating the opposing party's voting power in one district to reduce their voting power in other districts).

Why and when was the Electoral College created?

The Electoral College was created by the framers of the U.S. Constitution as an alternative to electing the president by popular vote or by Congress. ... Two other presidents—Rutherford B. Hayes in 1876 and Benjamin Harrison in 1888—became president without winning the popular vote.

What was Marbury vs Madison summary?

The U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the principle of judicial review—the power of the federal courts to declare legislative and executive acts unconstitutional. ... Marbury sued the new secretary of state, James Madison, in order to obtain his commission.

What was the ruling in Baker v Carr?

Carr, 369 U.S. 186 (1962), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that redistricting qualifies as a justiciable question under the Fourteenth Amendment, thus enabling federal courts to hear Fourteenth Amendment-based redistricting cases.

What was the outcome of Baker v Carr 1962 quizlet?

Decision: The Warren Court reached a 6-2 verdict in favor of Baker. A lack of political question, previous court intervention in apportionment affairs and equal protection under the 14th amendment gave the court enough reason to rule on legislative apportionment. Court gained power to rule on apportionment laws.

Who won Marbury v Madison?

In a 4-0 decision, the Supreme Court ruled that although it was illegal for Madison to withhold the delivery of the appointments, forcing Madison to deliver the appointments was beyond the power of the U.S. Supreme Court.

What caused Marbury vs Madison?

Why did Marbury v. ... Marbury v. Madison arose after the administration of U.S. Pres. Thomas Jefferson withheld from William Marbury a judgeship commission that had been formalized in the last days of the preceding John Adams administration but not delivered before Jefferson's inauguration.